Reading Journalism A Beginner Guide - 1812 Words

All over the world in reports, people wonder how accurate the information they’re being told by journalist is and expect proof through evidence. This is where math comes along. Without it, it would be hard to know how accurate the information journalists are receiving is. Now I know it sounds crazy that journalists do math, some people choose to define them as â€Å"word people†, but a good journalist needs to acquire a few math skills. Understanding numbers and being able to interpret their meaning clearly to readers is an important role of being a journalist. In order for readers to better understand current issues, journalists need to use their knowledge. Statistics is the main type of math found in journalism. This can be proven in†¦show more content†¦Doing so, they need their information to be accurate with tangible evidence. A journalist’s first obligation is the truth. In the book â€Å"How The Mass Media Really Work†, it states â€Å"Jou rnalists are more liberal than elites and the public, and media content, especially in pluritic systems, is much more critical of those elites and dominant values than content in small, homogeneous systems (204, Kim).† He’s basically saying that journalists are open to new behavior and are willing to discard traditional values. When a journalist gathers information its called reporting. This differs from the production part of the job such as writing articles. On the other hand, statistics is the study of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, presenting, and organizing data. A statistical procedure involves testing the relationship of the two variables and forming a hypothesis. This leaves the experimenter with valid information to further the experiment. It also provides them with essentials for controlling the course of scientific and societal advances. Statistics can be found everywhere. Many jobs that require the individual to make decisions, cannot be made without statistical techniques. Statistics can be found in journalism in many different ways. The increasingly part of the daily report for journalists is working with numbers. According to the article â€Å"Numbers in the Newsroom: A Qualitative

Northern vs. Southern American Colonies 1700s Essay

By the 1700’s, The northern and souther colonies had evolved into two distinct societies. This is so because the northern and southern colonies had different environments and also different reasons of settlement. The North was established for mainly religious freedom, while on the other hand, the south had been established for economic freedom. The climate also affected the different turnout of the north and the south. The north was much colder and so their soil was not beneficial for farming, so the people of the north found other jobs, while on the other side, the south had rich soil and the colonists there used that idea to set up huge plantations and farms. The northern colonies symbolized the industrial power where industries were†¦show more content†¦The northern colonies were very much different from the southern because they were colonized for different reasons. The north was colonized for freedom of worship and freedom of political thought. The colonies had hope for a separate society, where they could show their homeland, how a country should be run. The northern colonies were based on theocracy, where the state forced the people to live and worship in an orthodox way. The southern colonies have characteristics that are the opposites of the New England colony’s attributes. The Southern Colonies were the Province of North Carolina, Province of South Carolina, Virginia and Province of Georgia. The Southern colonies were developed for freedom of economic opportunity.Their economy was supported by plantations, mostly run by slaves. The South would focus more on massive slaves work to grow tobacco and rice that they would sell to England. The southern colonies had goals for mercantilism, and increasing the prosperity of England. They also had a government based on a royal government, where the state was governed by a governor and council named by the king, and an elected assembly chosen by the people. South colonies had smaller towns, more fields. To sum it all up, the northern and southern colonies were as different as day and night. They were colonized for different reason. Also they had a very diverse climate. Their pattern of trade wasShow MoreRelatedHist405 Full Course Latest 2015 Spring [ All Discussions , All Quizes and All Assignments ]3084 Words   |  13 Pageshow and why slavery developed in the American colonies. Why couldn’t colonists use indentured servants as they had in the past? How would you describe the differences between slaves and indentured servants Colonial Identities (graded) The colonies of New England, the Mid –Atlantic and the Upper and Lower South developed their own forms of culture, conduct and commerce. 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Tale of Two Cities Free Essays

Tale of Two Cities In the opening quote of â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities†, by Charles Dickens, a very complex sentence is stated that consists of anaphoric contradictions. Many of these contradictions contain phrases where one side of the contradiction has a negative connotation and the other has a positive connotation. In contemporary times, many events contain match the contradictions stated in the quote. We will write a custom essay sample on Tale of Two Cities or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many examples of events that go along with the quote, but prime examples include the feud between Iraq and the USA, third world countries, and many economic and health problems. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times†. This opening quote of â€Å"A tale of Two Cities† can relate to many things in contemporary times. One example that represents this quote clearly is the constant feuds between the US and Iraq. One minute, America is calm and clear of disputes, just continuing on everyday lives, when suddenly, out of the blue, one of the biggest terrorist attacks occurred, and the US is declaring war with another country. Also, while daily life in America is usually normal and ordinary, overseas, a war is taking place, and soldiers could lose their lives any minute. While people in the USA could be having the best of times, the worst of times could be happening to many people elsewhere. Next, another part of the opening quote that relates to modern times is â€Å"We had everything before us, we had nothing before us. † Not only does this relate ti the poverty- stricken people in the world, but more promptly the people in third world countries. In the United States, most people always are able to provide themselves with necessities and have everything before them. On the contrary, many unfortunate people in third world countries barely have anything before them. Lastly, another quote from the opening statement of the book is â€Å"It was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair†. This quote can relate to many different things. An example could be a hopeful country receding into a recession or depression. Many economies lead populations from hope to despair. Another match to the quote could be the victims of cancer hoping to be cured; but feeling despair when informed about the lack of a cure. Many things and events in this world leave people hoping, and then lead them straight to despair. In the end, the quote by Charles Dickens stating contradictions in the beginning of â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† can relate to contemporary times, even though written in a much earlier time period. Many of the contradictions stated coincide with many events happening currently or in the past. How to cite Tale of Two Cities, Papers Tale of Two Cities Free Essays During a time of lost hope, death and war, the `golden thread’, Lucie Manette plays the roll of a heroine doing everything she can to make sure the important people in her life are loved. Lucie provides not only warmth toward her father, Dr. Manette, but also towards the man that yearns for Lucie’s love; Sydney Carton. We will write a custom essay sample on Tale of Two Cities or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite all the negativity that surrounds Lucie and her loved ones, she doesn’t fail to lead her father and Carton to rebirth. During a time of lost hope, death and war, the `golden thread’, Lucie Manette plays the roll of a heroine doing everything she can to make sure the important people in her life are loved. Lucie provides not only warmth toward her father, Dr. Manette, but also towards the man that yearns for Lucie’s love; Sydney Carton. Despite all the negativity that surrounds Lucie and her loved ones, she doesn’t fail to lead her father and Carton to rebirth. Unlike the process of actual birth, rebirth is associated with rejuvenation. Rebirth is a second or new birth and in the case of A Tale of Two Cities it is deserved. Rebirth is portrayed as nothing close to the literal meaning of birth at all. Charles Dickens makes it obvious that Dr. Manette and Carton both deserve a second chance by showing that they both really are good people. In chapter 19, Dr. Manette earns rebirth by gaining the strength to mentally and literally walk away from the negative attitude that is associated with his shoemaking bench and his past times. Carton shows that he deserves rebirth in chapter 13 by proving that he is a good and caring person when he tells Lucie that even though he craves her love, all he wants is for her to be happy. After Dr. Manette’s imprisonment in the Bastille for 18 years, the only thing he willingly says is `105 north tower` and is seemingly hypnotized by his shoemaking bench. This is where Dickens lets the reader know that Dr. Manette’s imprisonment drives him insane. When Dr. Manette is rescued by Defarge and brought to his `long lost’ daughter, rebirth does not take place immediately, as the doctor continues to repeat things to himself. In chapter 5, Lucie is portrayed as a caring character simply by the description given of her, as well as others reactions to her. â€Å"†¦ His eyes rested on a short, slight, pretty figure, a quantity of golden hair [and] a pair of blue eyes that met his own. † From simply the description given of Lucie, she can be recognized as a caring person. Lorry’s reaction to Lucie also strengthens Lucie’s caring glow. â€Å"As his eyes rested on these things, a sudden vivid likeness passed before him of a child whom he had held in his arms†¦ † As Dickens compares Lucie to a child, her innocence is proclaimed. Although the rebirth of Dr. Manette does not take place immediately, Lucie shows her love for her father from the beginning of his arrival. In chapter six of book the first while Lucie is greeting her father for the first time in 18 years, she tells him that â€Å"the agony is over†¦ I have come here to take you from it†¦ This is where the rebirth starts because this is where Dickens lets the reader know that Lucie is going to do all she can for her father and give him only love. After Dr. Manette’s return to England, its obvious that the doctor is slowly returning to sanity in chapter five when Dr. Manette is able to make full conversation at Charles Darnay`s trial. In chapter seven of book the third, the narrator updates us on Dr. Manette. â€Å"No garret, no shoemaking, no One Hundred and Five, North Tower, now! He had accomplished the task he had set himself. This is where Dickens lets us know that Dr. Manette’s return to sanity has been completed. While Lucie continues to care for her father, another man, Sydney Carton, makes it known that he as well needs Lucie to cure him. Just as Lucie did with her father, Lucie will try and do all she can to help her dear friend Carton. In chapter 13 when Carton stops at the Manette’s house, he has a conversation with Lucie in which he tells her how he feels about himself. At the peak of this conversation, Lucie says â€Å"can I not recall you†¦ to a better course? Can I in no way repay your confidence? † This makes it known that Lucie will be the one to give Carton a second chance. Lucie does in fact use her love and sympathy to lead Carton to rebirth and Dickens later shows the effects Lucie has had on Carton. â€Å"[Carton] was so unlike what he had ever shown himself to be, and it was so sad to think how much he had thrown away†¦ † This a totally new tone that is shown by Carton, whereas from the start of the book to the introduction of Lucie and his conversation, he was described as a drunk nobody that obviously thought nothing of himself. In chapter four of book the first Darnay comments to Carton â€Å"I think you have been drinking, Mr. Carton. † To this, Carton responds † Think? You know I have been drinking. I am a disappointed drudge, sir. I care for no man on earth and no man on earth cares for me. † During chapter 13 where Lucie says to Carton â€Å"I entreated you to believe again and again, most fervently, with all my heart, was capable of better things, Mr. Carton! † Lucie has saved Carton by letting him know that she believed in him. Both Dr. Manette and Sydney Carton have been saved by the impact of Lucie’s unfailing care. Lucie saves her father by simply caring for him and being a friend, and she also saves Sydney Cartons life by believing in him and letting him know that he meant more than he thought. The characters in A Tale of Two Cities obviously play predominant roles in each other’s lives, and resurrection, or rebirth is one of the main themes in this novel. Dickens uses the power of love to oppose war that is surrounding all of France and England. Resurrection was a very clever theme for Dickens to use because if the characters in A Tale of Two Cities couldn’t be recalled back to life, they would simply die off. How to cite Tale of Two Cities, Papers

Procurement and Supply Chain Management for Sapphire Energy

Question: Discuss about theProcurement and Supply Chain Management for Sapphire Energy. Answer: Introduction The Laburnum Group is a major company with diverse business under one fold. The company is keen on its performance which ensures that all stakeholders are contented. However, time to time organizations are faced with issues that may be affecting their processes. Part of entities under Laburnum, particularly energy and clothing, are currently impacted by challenges and inefficiencies which have brought about the need to re-evaluate the systems. This report aims to provide adequate evaluation and analysis on the businesses and the relevant factors involved. Sapphire Energy Sapphire Energy and Eastern Power have quite a functional business relationship. Eastern Power shows financial strength and capacity to deliver on the arrangements. The system displays a good degree of reliability but the system can achieve much more. The reduced lead time is instrumental in enhancing the performance of the company (Treville et al, 2014). Customer lead time is essential for continued business relations. Reduced material lead time is important to the operations of Sapphire. The current system has regular production schedules which increases efficiency through reduction of the lead time (Christopher, 2016; Stadtler, 2015). The shipping system is effective in delivery of products. The costs associated are relatively standard for quality shipping. Procurement of the products in the established quantity has saved the company on carrying costs which makes the system sufficient. The Eastern Power storeroom size is essential in achieving this. Inventory holding costs are higher with less space utilization. This shipment of material reduces cycles required. Subsequently, this reduces the total ordering costs of the whole inventory. It is also important to be aware of the minimum order quantities albeit the orders of Sapphire are above. Without the discounts, purchases made in minimum order quantity helps in cost saving. The system is more effective with appropriate tracking of the inventory movements (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014). Recommendations for Improvement There are some aspects that can be done to the system to enable improvement and better operations overall. The company should prioritize store keeping units (SKUs). These should conform to the objectives of the company and have the necessary class size to maximize investment. The SKUs should be repeatedly evaluated to ensure the company ahs adequate SKU intensity. The purchase of the cables should be done when customer lead times, acquisition lead times and order quantity relationships are suitable helps reduce inventory. The acquisition capacity should nevertheless surpass the demand (Hugos, 2018). Communication is of utmost importance. Clear and consistent communication with suppliers through the process should always be emphasized so that expectations of the customer are always met. Effective information systems should be applied to further reduce lead times (Hugos, 2018). This will automatically increase efficiency. Joint procurement procedures can be utilized to purchase products to help reduce unit purchase costs. This reduces the annual purchase transactions and cycle stock inventory. Cross-docking is also a vital strategy that can be applied in the case. Terms of payment between Sapphire and Eastern Power should be extended to improve the effectiveness of working capital (Shih et al, 2012). Calculations Economic Order Quantity: sqrt (2*155000*10/1.35) = 1515.4 Annual ordering cost: 155000/1515*50= $5115.5 Annual holding cost: 1515/2*1.35= $1022.6 Number of orders: 155000/4500=34 Total cost= (4500/2)*1.35+(155000/4500)*50 =3037.5+1722.2= 4759.7 AusCotton Strategic sourcing is key in supply chain management (Cox, 2015). The process evaluates methods, procedures and sources in maximization of the value of the business. Strategic sourcing entails negotiations, assessment of supply transactions and analysis of purchasing budget (Monteiro Birkinshaw, 2017). This process is sometimes impacted by some global factors. One global issue that is impacts strategic sourcing is the political environment. Political instability poses a huge threat on strategic sourcing by supply chains operating on the global stage. Politics plays a major role in the productivity and quality of sourcing. Calm in politics ensures that there are no sourcing delays, change in sources and routes for moving the supply. The opposite occurs when there are political tensions around the world. Volatile political situation destroys strategic partnerships and threatens global sourcing strategy (Eltantawy, Giunipero Handfield, 2014). Global economy is major factor in strategic sourcing. A stable economy ensures that there the financials are consistent and supply chains gain value form their investment. Conducive global financial climate promotes global businesses. This allows strategic sourcing by companies globally. Instability brings the aspect of risk in global sourcing. Fluctuations of the currency exchange rates affects the business as money has to be exchanged between nations in the global market. Strategic sourcing in this case is enhanced through management of information on currency values (Lasserre, 2017). Global companies have to abide by code of business ethics. In strategic sourcing, this code is very relevant. In global sourcing, supply chains need to operate with transparency and accountability in their activities. There are laws that govern how trade is conducted. It is crucial for businesses to ensure full compliance for continuous improvement in the system. The working conditions of the global companies are also vital to their sourcing (Lasserre, 2017). Regulations are diverse across countries due to difference in industrial standards. The regulations affect sourcing substantially. Companies therefore need to evaluate the circumstance and gain clear perspective on differences. In the case of AusCotton, the differences are vital to understand given they have interests in a number of countries (Eltantawy, Giunipero Handfield, 2014). Impact of Forecasts The forecasts carried out are in some cases inaccurate. As such, there are resulting effects on the business. The companys products can overstay their specified period. This means that changes in season happens while the stores are still stocked for the just-ended season. The other effect is that there may be a shortage in the products while there is still demand. In this case, an example is that summer may come while the stores are still stocked with products developed for winter, or stocks get finished before the season ends (Schmitt Singh, 2012). The volatility that affects the business makes it hard for the companies to follow their strategy. This volatility means that the process gets distorted by the challenge of varying lead times. This situation has the potential of causing much risk. In some situations, however, volatility may work to the advantage of the business. The costs of transport are relatively given that the service requires numerous trips as orders are made. The problem with transport can be partly taken care of through enabling early orders which can then be transported together to avoid numerous trips for deliveries. Early preparation is also effective with volatility and the imperfect forecasts. This will mean fewer disruptions based on these aspects. There period between production and shipping should not be substantial to minimize carrying costs (Schmitt Singh, 2012; Sawik, 2014). Elements of Strategic Sourcing There are elements that need to be reassessed and improved. Risk analysis is one key element. Given the challenges observed from the case, there is need for more assessment of the risks that are presented in sourcing. This will enhance capabilities of the organization in handling risks. It is very crucial to improve on gathering market information. This should provide the company with more insight on the market. In total cost of ownership, there is room for improvement. This should help comprehend better true costs of products and services provided (Presley, Meade Sarkis, 2016). Handling Contract Manufacturers The contract manufacturers are ethically wrong in their actions. Selling of counterfeit and illegal products goes against the business code. This is a breach of trust between the company and the constructors. Given that their efforts are unauthorized and work against the performance of AusCotton, the contract should be terminated. The contract manufacturers are going against the objectives of the company which the contractors should conform to with the contract in place. Change of contract manufacturers is necessary in this situation. AusCotton displays a business model that has been able to fulfill the needs of clients competitively and sustainably. The organization is a premier clothing company in Australia. The success of the model has seen a decline due to the disruptions and challenges. The model needs improvement in sourcing strategy to maximize the profits from the products and services. The sourcing regions are significant towards the business. They regions have affordable and sufficient labor and surplus raw materials (Rajesh Ravi, 2015). The company presents remarkable capabilities in the clothing business. The entity is well established and prominent in a number of continents. The range of products offered across all the distribution centers show that the company is a force to be reckoned with in the market. The range of products and locations show the financial capabilities of the organization (Heckmann, Comes Nickel, 2015). The relationship with contractors leaves a lot to be desired in AusCotton. Contractual agreements are binding and in enforced through rules and regulations of business conduct. Partners need to show integrity and commitment towards the set goals (Heckmann, Comes Nickel, 2015; Rajesh Ravi, 2015). The relationship with contract manufacturers is less than ideal because of their involvement in illegal counterfeits. In Sapphire, the relationship portrayed in the partnership is ideal. This association promotes customer and supplier satisfaction, unlike in AusCotton. Economic order quantity describes the appropriate order quantity that the company should purchase for its inventory. The calculated figure shows that the system that Sapphire employees does not effectively reduce inventory costs. This means that the inefficiencies experienced are resulting in higher costs (Sawik, 2014). Smaller quantity of shipments will mean higher fixed order expenses and less holding costs. There is lesser need for space in Eastern Power and less money in form of cables. This results in more savings. The procurement system in Sapphire incurs additional costs based on the variables. The system requires higher number of orders of lower quantities of shipments to realize cost minimization (Heckmann, Comes Nickel, 2015). References Treville, S., Schrhoff, N., Trigeorgis, L., Avanzi, B. (2014). Optimal sourcing and lead?time reduction under evolutionary demand risk.Production and Operations Management,23(12), 2103-2117. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management andadvanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Wisner, J. D., Tan, K. C., Leong, G. K. (2014).Principles of supply chain management: Abalanced approach. Cengage Learning. Shih, S. C., Hsu, S. H., Zhu, Z., Balasubramanian, S. K. (2012). Knowledge sharingA keyrole in the downstream supply chain.Information Management,49(2), 70-80. Hugos, M. H. (2018).Essentials of supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Schmitt, A. J., Singh, M. (2012). A quantitative analysis of disruption risk in a multi-echelonsupply chain.International Journal of Production Economics,139(1), 22-32. Sawik, T. (2014). Optimization of cost and service level in the presence of supply chain disruption risks: Single vs. multiple sourcing.Computers Operations Research,51, 11-20. Cox, A. (2015). Sourcing portfolio analysis and power positioning: towards a paradigm shift incategory management and strategic sourcing.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,20(6), 717-736. Eltantawy, R., Giunipero, L., Handfield, R. (2014). Strategic sourcing managements mindset: strategic sourcing orientation and its implications.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,44(10), 768-795. Monteiro, F., Birkinshaw, J. (2017). The external knowledge sourcing process in multinational corporations.Strategic Management Journal,38(2), 342-362. Presley, A., Meade, L., Sarkis, J. (2016, July). A strategic sourcing evaluation methodology for reshoring decisions. InSupply Chain Forum: An International Journal(Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 156-169). Taylor Francis. Heckmann, I., Comes, T., Nickel, S. (2015). A critical review on supply chain riskDefinition,measure and modeling.Omega,52, 119-132. Rajesh, R., Ravi, V. (2015). Supplier selection in resilient supply chains: a grey relational analysis approach.Journal of Cleaner Production,86, 343-359. Lasserre, P. (2017).Global strategic management. Palgrave.